What does ballistic coefficient measure, and why is it significant?

Ballistic coefficient is a measure of a projectile's ability to overcome air resistance during its flight. It is significant because it directly influences the trajectory, stability, and overall performance of the projectile. A higher ballistic coefficient indicates that the projectile has a better aerodynamic design, which allows it to maintain its speed and energy over longer distances. This means that projectiles with higher ballistic coefficients are generally more efficient, as they experience less drag and dropped velocity while traveling through the air.

Understanding ballistic coefficient is crucial for shooters and engineers alike, as it helps in selecting the right ammunition for specific ranges and conditions, ensuring more accurate and effective shooting.